Peer coaching is a collaborative and reciprocal process where individuals of similar standing or roles engage in structured dialogue and support to facilitate mutual development, problem-solving, and skill enhancement. As an academic concept and research field, it investigates the dynamics, processes, outcomes, and efficacy of this peer-to-peer interaction within diverse settings, examining its characteristics such as mutuality, goal orientation, and reliance on shared feedback. Its significance is explored in relation to professional learning, organizational development, and fostering supportive interpersonal dynamics.